• • DRAMP ID

  • DRAMP03093

• • Peptide Name

  • Drosomycin (Cys-rich; insect defensins; Insects, animals)

• • Source

  • Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly)

• • Family

  • Not found

• • Gene

  • Drs

• • Sequence

  • DCLSGRYKGPCAVWDNETCRRVCKEEGRSSGHCSPSLKCWCEGC

• • Sequence Length

  • 44

• • UniProt Entry

  • P41964,Q2UYN5,Q9VZQ2

• • Protein Existence

  • Protein level

• • Biological Activity

  • Antimicrobial, Antifungal

• • Target Organism

  • • Fungi: Neurospora crassa (IC50=0.6 µM), Botrytis cinerea (IC50=1.2 µM), Fusarium culmorum (IC50=1.0 µM), Alternaria brassicicola (IC50=0.9 µM), A. longipes (IC50=1.4 µM), Nectria haematococca (IC50=1.8 µM), Fusarium oxysporum(IC50=4.2 µM), A. pisi (IC50=3.2 µM).

• • Hemolytic Activity

  • • No hemolysis information or data found in the reference(s) presented in this entry

• • Cytotoxicity

  • No cytotoxicity information found in the reference(s) presented

• • Binding Target

  • Not found

• • Linear/Cyclic

  • Cyclic

• • N-terminal Modification

  • Free

• • C-terminal Modification

  • Cyclization (Cys2 and Cys44)

• • Nonterminal Modifications and Unusual Amino Acids

  • Disulfide bonds between Cys2 and Cys44; Cys11 and Cys33; Cys19 and Cys39,Cys23 and Cys41.

• • Stereochemistry

  • L

• • Structure

  • Combine helix and strand structure

• • Structure Description

  • Not found

• • Helical Wheel Diagram

  • 

• • PDB ID

  • 1MYN resolved by NMR.

• Predicted Structure

• There is no predicted structure for DRAMP03093.

DRAMP03093

• • Function

  • Possesses antifungal activity and is active against a relatively broad spectrum of filamentous fungi. It inhibits spore germination at high concentrations and at low concentrations delays growth of hyphae which subsequently exhibit abnormal morphology. Spz C-106 in the hemolymph controls expression of the antifungal peptide by acting as a ligand of Tl and inducing an intracellular signaling pathway.

• • Tissue specificity

  • Synthesized in the fat body and is secreted into the blood. In hemolymph 6 hours after immune challenge, levels of expression increase for first 24 hours and persist for the following three weeks.

• • PTM

  • Contains four disulfide bonds 2-44; 11-33; 19-39; 23-41.

• ·Literature 1

• • Title

  • Insect immunity. Septic injury of drosophila induces the synthesis of a potent antifungal peptide with sequence homology to plant antifungal peptides.

• • Pubmed ID

  • 7806546

• • Reference

  • J Biol Chem 1994; 269: 33159-33163.

• • Author

  • Fehlbaum P et al Hoffmann JA.

• ·Literature 2

• • Title

  • The dorsoventral regulatory gene cassette spätzle/Toll/cactus controls the potent antifungal response in Drosophila adults.

• • Pubmed ID

  • 8808632

• • Reference

  • Cell. 1996 Sep 20;86(6):973-983.

• • Author

  • Lemaitre B, Nicolas E, Michaut L, Reichhart JM, Hoffmann JA.

• ·Literature 3

• • Title

  • Differential display of peptides induced during the immune response of Drosophila: a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry study.

• • Pubmed ID

  • 9736738

• • Reference

  • Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Sep 15;95(19):11342-11347.

• • Author

  • Uttenweiler-Joseph S, Moniatte M, Lagueux M, Van Dorsselaer A, Hoffmann JA, Bulet P.

• ·Literature 4

• • Title

  • Binding of the Drosophila cytokine Spätzle to Toll is

• • Pubmed ID

  • 12872120

• • Reference

  • Nat Immunol. 2003 Aug;4(8):794-800.

• • Author

  • Weber AN, Tauszig-Delamasure S, Hoffmann JA, Lelièvre E, Gascan H, Ray KP, Morse MA, Imler JL, Gay NJ.