• DRAMP ID

    • DRAMP20935
    • Peptide Name

    • Macropin 1(solitary bee, insects, animals)
    • Source

    • Macropis fulvipes (Solitary bee) (Megilla fulvipes)
    • Family

    • Not found
    • Gene

    • Not found
    • Sequence

    • GFGMALKLLKKVL
    • Sequence Length

    • 13
    • Protein Existence

    • Protein level
    • Biological Activity

    • Antimicrobial, Antibacterial, Anti-Gram+, Anti-Gram-, Antifungal
    • Target Organism

      • [Ref.24616110] Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli(MIC=3.0 μM), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(MIC=35.0 μM);
      • Gram-positive bacteria: Bacillus subtilis (MIC=1.3 μM), Staphylococcus aureus(MIC=3.7 μM);
      • Fungus: Candida albicans (MIC=6.3 μM).
      • [Ref.29185466]Gram-positive bacteria:Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (MIC=3.13 μM), Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (MIC=3.13 μM), Listeria monocytogenes KCTC 3710 (MIC=25 μM);
      • Gram-negative bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (MIC=6.25 μM), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15692 (MIC=6.25 μM), Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (MIC=6.25 μM)
    • Hemolytic Activity

      • [Ref.24616110] LC50=160 μM against human red blood cells.
      • [Ref.29185466]5% hemolysis at 25 μM against red blood cells, 93% hemolysis at 50 μM against red blood cells
    • Cytotoxicity

      • [Ref.29185466] In HaCaT cells, Macropin produced cell survival rates of 82% and 41% at peptide concentrations of 25 and 50 μM.
      • In Raw cells, Macropin produce cell survival rates of 41% and 0% at peptide concentrations of 25 and 50 μM.
    • Binding Target

    • Not found
    • Linear/Cyclic

    • Linear
    • N-terminal Modification

    • Free
    • C-terminal Modification

    • Amidation
    • Nonterminal Modifications and Unusual Amino Acids

    • None
    • Stereochemistry

    • L
    • Structure

    • Alpha helix,random coil
    • Structure Description

    • Not found
    • Helical Wheel Diagram

    • DRAMP20935 helical wheel diagram
    • PDB ID

    • None
    • Predicted Structure

    • There is no predicted structure for DRAMP20935.
    • Formula

    • C68H120N16O14S
    • Absent Amino Acids

    • CDEHINPQRSTWY
    • Common Amino Acids

    • L
    • Mass

    • 1417.86
    • PI

    • 10.3
    • Basic Residues

    • 3
    • Acidic Residues

    • 0
    • Hydrophobic Residues

    • 7
    • Net Charge

    • +3
    • Boman Index

    • 1609
    • Hydrophobicity

    • 1.031
    • Aliphatic Index

    • 150
    • Half Life

      • Mammalian:30 hour
      • Yeast:>20 hour
      • E.coli:>10 hour
    • Extinction Coefficient Cystines

    • 0
    • Absorbance 280nm

    • 0
    • Polar Residues

    • 2

DRAMP20935

    • [Ref.24616110] Antimicrobial peptide active against Gram-positive bacteria like B.subtilis, S.aureus and L.monocytogenes as well as against Gram-negative bacteria like E.coli and P.aeruginosa with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) between 1.3 ?M and 35 ?M.Active against fungus C.albicans (MIC=6.3 ?M).Has little hemolytic activity . Adopts an alpha-helical structure in a membrane mimic environment. [Ref.29185466] Acts by disrupting membranes and bacterial cell wall structures.Binds to peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

  • ·Literature 1
    • Title

    • Structure-activity study of macropin, a novel antimicrobial peptide from the venom of solitary bee Macropis fulvipes (Hymenoptera: Melittidae).
    • Reference

    • J Pept Sci. 2014 Jun;20(6):375-84. doi: 10.1002/psc.2625. Epub 2014 Mar 11.
    • Author

    • Monincová L, Veverka V, Slaninová J, Buděšínský M, Fučík V, Bednárová L, Straka J, Ceřovský V.
  • ·Literature 2
    • Title

    • Macropis fulvipes Venom component Macropin Exerts its Antibacterial and Anti-Biofilm Properties by Damaging the Plasma Membranes of Drug Resistant Bacteria.
    • Reference

    • Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 29;7(1):16580. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16784-6.
    • Author

    • Ko SJ, Kim MK, Bang JK, Seo CH, Luchian T, Park Y.