General Information

    • DRAMP ID

    • DRAMP01513

    • Peptide Name

    • Esculentin-1 (Frogs, amphibians, animals)

    • Source

    • Rana esculenta (Edible frog) (Pelophylax esculentus)

    • Family

    • Belongs to the frog skin active peptide family (Brevinin subfamily)

    • Gene

    • Not found

    • Sequence

    • GIFSKLGRKKIKNLLISGLKNVGKEVGMDVVRTGIDIAGCKIKGEC

    • Sequence Length

    • 46

    • Protein Existence

    • Protein level

Activity Information

    • Biological Activity

    • Antimicrobial, Antibacterial, Anti-Gram+, Anti-Gram-, Antifungal

    • Target Organism

      • Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli D21 (MIC=0.2 µM), Pseudomonas aeruginosaATCC15692 (MIC=0.7 µM);
      • Gram-positive bacteria: Bacillus megaterium Bm11 (MIC=0.1 µM), Staphylococcus aureus Cowan1 (MIC=0.4 µM).
      • Fungi: Candida albicans (MIC=0.5 µM), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (MIC=0.9 µM).

    • Hemolytic Activity

      • [Ref. 8163497] LC>100μM

    • Cytotoxicity

    • No cytotoxicity information found in the reference(s) presented

    • Binding Target

    • Not found

Structure Information

    • Linear/Cyclic

    • Cyclic

    • N-terminal Modification

    • Free

    • C-terminal Modification

    • Cyclization (Cys40 and Cys46)

    • Nonterminal Modifications and Unusual Amino Acids

    • Disulfide bond between Cys40 and Cys46.

    • Stereochemistry

    • L

    • Structure

    • Not found

    • Structure Description

    • Not found

    • Helical Wheel Diagram

    • DRAMP01513 helical wheel diagram

    • PDB ID

    • None

    • Predicted Structure

Physicochemical Information

    • Formula

    • C215H378N62O60S3

    • Absent Amino Acids

    • HPQWY

    • Common Amino Acids

    • GK

    • Mass

    • 4887.93

    • PI

    • 9.83

    • Basic Residues

    • 10

    • Acidic Residues

    • 4

    • Hydrophobic Residues

    • 16

    • Net Charge

    • +6

    • Boman Index

    • -45.37

    • Hydrophobicity

    • 0.083

    • Aliphatic Index

    • 112.17

    • Half Life

      • Mammalian:30 hour
      • Yeast:>20 hour
      • E.coli:>10 hour

    • Extinction Coefficient Cystines

    • 125

    • Absorbance 280nm

    • 2.78

    • Polar Residues

    • 15

DRAMP01513

DRAMP01513 chydropathy plot

Comments Information

    • Function

    • Shows antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and against the fungus C. albicans. Has hemolytic activity.

Literature Information

  • ·Literature 1

    • Title

    • Novel antimicrobial peptides from skin secretion of the European frog Rana esculenta.

    • Reference

    • FEBS Lett. 1993 Jun 14;324(2):159-161.

    • Author

    • Simmaco M, Mignogna G, Barra D, Bossa F.