General Information

    • DRAMP ID

    • DRAMP00789

    • Peptide Name

    • Varv peptide F (Varv F; Plant defensin)

    • Source

    • Viola arvensis (European field pansy) (Field violet)

    • Family

    • Belongs to the cyclotide family

    • Gene

    • Not found

    • Sequence

    • GVPICGETCTLGTCYTAGCSCSWPVCTRN

    • Sequence Length

    • 29

    • Protein Existence

    • Protein level

Activity Information

    • Biological Activity

    • Anti-cancer

    • Target Organism

      • Human tumor cell lines: RPMI-8226/s (IC50=5.90 µM), RPMI-8226/Dox40 (IC50=3.14 µM), RPMI-8226/LR-5 (IC50=6.31 µM), U-937GTB (IC50=7.07 µM), U-937Vcr (IC50=7.45 µM), ACHN (IC50=2.63 µM), CCRF-CEM (IC50=7.13 µM), CCRF-CEM/VM-1 (IC50=7.15 µM), NCI-H69 (IC50=7.49 µM), NCI-H69AR (IC50=7.12 µM).

    • Hemolytic Activity

      • [Ref.20580652] HD50=33.04µM against human type O red blood cells.

    • Cytotoxicity

      • [Ref.20580652] Cytotoxicity: U251(IC50=44.49μg/mL), MDA-MB-231(IC50>10μg/mL), A549(IC50>10μg/mL), DU145(IC50>10μg/mL), BEL-7402(IC50>10μg/mL).

    • Binding Target

    • Not found

Structure Information

    • Linear/Cyclic

    • Cyclic

    • N-terminal Modification

    • No specific N-terminal

    • C-terminal Modification

    • No specific C-terminal

    • Nonterminal Modifications and Unusual Amino Acids

    • Disulfide bonds between Cys5 and Cys19; Cys9 and Cys21; Cys14 and Cys26.

    • Stereochemistry

    • L

    • Structure

    • Combine helix and strand structure

    • Structure Description

    • Not found

    • Helical Wheel Diagram

    • DRAMP00789 helical wheel diagram

    • PDB ID

    • 2K7G resolved by NMR.
  • 2K7G-> 

    • Predicted Structure

    • There is no predicted structure for DRAMP00789.

Physicochemical Information

    • Formula

    • C122H192N34O41S6

    • Absent Amino Acids

    • DFHKMQ

    • Common Amino Acids

    • C

    • Mass

    • 2983.43

    • PI

    • 5.96

    • Basic Residues

    • 1

    • Acidic Residues

    • 1

    • Hydrophobic Residues

    • 6

    • Net Charge

    • 0

    • Boman Index

    • -14.66

    • Hydrophobicity

    • 0.341

    • Aliphatic Index

    • 50.34

    • Half Life

      • Mammalian:30 hour
      • Yeast:>20 hour
      • E.coli:>10 hour

    • Extinction Coefficient Cystines

    • 7365

    • Absorbance 280nm

    • 263.04

    • Polar Residues

    • 19

DRAMP00789

DRAMP00789 chydropathy plot

Comments Information

    • Function

    • Probably participates in a plant defense mechanism. Has cytotoxic activity against a variety of drug-resistant and drug-sensitive human tumor cell lines.

    • PTM

    • Contains three disulfide bonds 5-19; 9-21; 14-26.

Literature Information

  • ·Literature 1

    • Title

    • Seven novel macrocyclic polypeptides from Viola arvensis.

    • Reference

    • J Nat Prod. 1999 Feb;62(2):283-286.

    • Author

    • Göransson U, Luijendijk T, Johansson S, Bohlin L, Claeson P.
  • ·Literature 2

    • Title

    • Cyclotides: a novel type of cytotoxic agents.

    • Reference

    • Mol Cancer Ther. 2002 Apr;1(6):365-369.

    • Author

    • Lindholm P, Göransson , Johansson S, Claeson P, Gullbo J, Larsson R, Bohlin L, Backlund A.
  • ·Literature 3

    • Title

    • Combined X-ray and NMR analysis of the stability of the cyclotide cystine knot fold that underpins its insecticidal activity and potential use as a drug scaffold.

    • Reference

    • J Biol Chem. 2009 Apr 17;284(16):10672-83.

    • Author

    • Wang CK, Hu SH, Martin JL, Sjögren T, Hajdu J, Bohlin L, Claeson P, Göransson U, Rosengren KJ, Tang J, Tan NH, Craik DJ.