General Information

    • DRAMP ID

    • DRAMP00926

    • Peptide Name

    • Violacin-A (Violacin-1; linearized uncyclotides; Plant defensin)

    • Source

    • Viola odorata (Sweet violet)

    • Family

    • Not found

    • Gene

    • Not found

    • Sequence

    • SAISCGETCFKFKCYTPRCSCSYPVCK

    • Sequence Length

    • 27

    • Protein Existence

    • Protein level

Activity Information

    • Biological Activity

    • Antimicrobial

    • Target Organism

    • [Ref.16488428]show insecticidal, anti-HIV, antimicrobial, antineurotensive, cytotoxic and haemolytic activity

    • Hemolytic Activity

      • [Ref:16488428]10% hemolytic activity at 1.0μM and 35% hemolytic activity at 1.5μM against human type A red blood cells

    • Cytotoxicity

      • Not included yet

    • Binding Target

    • Not found

Structure Information

    • Linear/Cyclic

    • Not included yet

    • N-terminal Modification

    • Not included yet

    • C-terminal Modification

    • Not included yet

    • Nonterminal Modifications and Unusual Amino Acids

    • Not included yet

    • Stereochemistry

    • Not included yet

    • Structure

    • Beta strand (4 strands; 9 residues)

    • Structure Description

    • The three-dimensional solution structure of violacin A is determined and found to adopt the cystine knot fold of native cyclotides. (Ref.2)

    • Helical Wheel Diagram

    • DRAMP00926 helical wheel diagram

    • PDB ID

    • 2FQA resolved by NMR.

    • Predicted Structure

    • There is no predicted structure for DRAMP00926.

Physicochemical Information

    • Formula

    • C129H199N33O38S6

    • Absent Amino Acids

    • DHLMNQW

    • Common Amino Acids

    • C

    • Mass

    • 3012.56

    • PI

    • 8.64

    • Basic Residues

    • 4

    • Acidic Residues

    • 1

    • Hydrophobic Residues

    • 5

    • Net Charge

    • +3

    • Boman Index

    • -32.05

    • Hydrophobicity

    • 0.022

    • Aliphatic Index

    • 28.89

    • Half Life

      • Mammalian:1.9 hour
      • Yeast:>20 hour
      • E.coli:>10 hour

    • Extinction Coefficient Cystines

    • 3355

    • Absorbance 280nm

    • 129.04

    • Polar Residues

    • 15

DRAMP00926

DRAMP00926 chydropathy plot

Comments Information

    • Function

    • Probably participates in a plant defense mechanism. Has low hemolytic activity.

    • Miscellaneous

    • The presence of a premature stop codon inhibits the translation of a key Asn residue that is thought to be required for cyclization.

    • PTM

    • Contains three disulfide bonds 5-19; 9-21; 14-26.

Literature Information

  • ·Literature 1

    • Title

    • A novel suite of cyclotides from Viola odorata: sequence variation and the implications for structure, function and stability..

    • Reference

    • Biochem J. 2006 Nov 15;400(1):1-12.

    • Author

    • Ireland DC, Colgrave ML, Craik DJ.
  • ·Literature 2

    • Title

    • Discovery and characterization of a linear cyclotide from Viola odorata: implications for the processing of circular proteins.

    • Reference

    • J Mol Biol. 2006 Apr 14;357(5):1522-1535.

    • Author

    • Ireland DC, Colgrave ML, Nguyencong P, Daly NL, Craik DJ.