General Information

    • DRAMP ID

    • DRAMP02440

    • Peptide Name

    • Sporulation-killing factor SkfA

    • Source

    • Bacillus subtilis (strain 168)

    • Family

    • Not found

    • Gene

    • Not found

    • Sequence

    • MKRNQKEWESVSKKGLMKPGGTSIVKAAGCMGCWASKSIAMTRVCALPHPAMRAI

    • Sequence Length

    • 55

    • Protein Existence

    • Transcript level

Activity Information

    • Biological Activity

    • Antimicrobial, Antibacterial

    • Target Organism

    • No MICs found in DRAMP database

    • Hemolytic Activity

      • No hemolysis information or data found in the reference(s) presented in this entry

    • Cytotoxicity

      • Not included yet

    • Binding Target

    • Not found

Structure Information

    • Linear/Cyclic

    • Not included yet

    • N-terminal Modification

    • Not included yet

    • C-terminal Modification

    • Not included yet

    • Nonterminal Modifications and Unusual Amino Acids

    • Not included yet

    • Stereochemistry

    • Not included yet

    • Structure

    • Not found

    • Structure Description

    • Not found

    • Helical Wheel Diagram

    • DRAMP02440 helical wheel diagram

    • PDB ID

    • None

    • Predicted Structure

    • There is no predicted structure for DRAMP02440.

Physicochemical Information

    • Formula

    • C255H429N77O69S8

    • Absent Amino Acids

    • DFY

    • Common Amino Acids

    • AK

    • Mass

    • 5934.17

    • PI

    • 10.16

    • Basic Residues

    • 11

    • Acidic Residues

    • 2

    • Hydrophobic Residues

    • 17

    • Net Charge

    • +9

    • Boman Index

    • -61.87

    • Hydrophobicity

    • -0.158

    • Aliphatic Index

    • 64

    • Half Life

      • Mammalian:30 hour
      • Yeast:>20 hour
      • E.coli:>10 hour

    • Extinction Coefficient Cystines

    • 11125

    • Absorbance 280nm

    • 206.02

    • Polar Residues

    • 16

DRAMP02440

DRAMP02440 chydropathy plot

Comments Information

    • Function

    • Induces the lysis of other B. subtilis cells that have not entered the sporulation pathway, providing a source of nutrients to support sporulation. Can also inhibit growth of other bacteria at high concentrations. Has a role in protecting the secreted lipase LipA against proteolysis, either by modulating its folding or by acting as a protease inhibitor.

    • Induction

    • By Spo0A and PhoP, during nutrient starvation, especially phosphate starvation. Repressed by AbrB during normal growth when nutrients are plentiful, in association with the transcriptional repressor Abh.

Literature Information

  • ·Literature 1

    • Title

    • Cannibalism by sporulating bacteria.

    • Reference

    • Science. 2003 Jul 25;301(5632):510-513.

    • Author

    • González-Pastor JE, Hobbs EC, Losick R.
  • ·Literature 2

    • Title

    • Genes involved in SkfA killing factor production protect a Bacillus subtilis lipase against proteolysis.

    • Reference

    • Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Apr;71(4):1899-1908.

    • Author

    • Westers H, Braun PG, Westers L, Antelmann H, Hecker M, Jongbloed JD, Yoshikawa H, Tanaka T, van Dijl JM, Quax WJ.
  • ·Literature 3

    • Title

    • Phosphate starvation induces the sporulation killing factor of Bacillus subtilis.

    • Reference

    • J Bacteriol. 2006 Jul;188(14):5299-5303.

    • Author

    • Allenby NE, Watts CA, Homuth G, Prágai Z, Wipat A, Ward AC, Harwood CR.