General Information

    • DRAMP ID

    • DRAMP03657

    • Peptide Name

    • Gallinacin-9 (Gal-9; Beta-defensin 9; Gallinacin-6, Gal-6; Birds, animals)

    • Source

    • Gallus gallus (Chicken)

    • Family

    • Belongs to the beta-defensin family

    • Gene

    • GAL9

    • Sequence

    • ADTLACRQSHGSCSFVACRAPSVDIGTCRGGKLKCCKWAPSS

    • Sequence Length

    • 42

    • Protein Existence

    • Transcript level

Activity Information

    • Biological Activity

    • Antimicrobial, Antibacterial

    • Target Organism

    • C.jejuni, C.perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Less potent against Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli.

    • Hemolytic Activity

      • No hemolysis information or data found in the reference(s) presented in this entry

    • Cytotoxicity

      • Not included yet

    • Binding Target

    • Not found

Structure Information

    • Linear/Cyclic

    • Not included yet

    • N-terminal Modification

    • Not included yet

    • C-terminal Modification

    • Not included yet

    • Nonterminal Modifications and Unusual Amino Acids

    • Not included yet

    • Stereochemistry

    • Not included yet

    • Structure

    • Bridge

    • Structure Description

    • Not found

    • Helical Wheel Diagram

    • DRAMP03657 helical wheel diagram

    • PDB ID

    • None

    • Predicted Structure

    • There is no predicted structure for DRAMP03657.

Physicochemical Information

    • Formula

    • C180H294N58O56S6

    • Absent Amino Acids

    • EMNY

    • Common Amino Acids

    • CS

    • Mass

    • 4359.03

    • PI

    • 8.94

    • Basic Residues

    • 7

    • Acidic Residues

    • 2

    • Hydrophobic Residues

    • 12

    • Net Charge

    • +5

    • Boman Index

    • -65.95

    • Hydrophobicity

    • -0.083

    • Aliphatic Index

    • 53.57

    • Half Life

      • Mammalian:4.4 hour
      • Yeast:>20 hour
      • E.coli:>10 hour

    • Extinction Coefficient Cystines

    • 5875

    • Absorbance 280nm

    • 143.29

    • Polar Residues

    • 18

DRAMP03657

DRAMP03657 chydropathy plot

Comments Information

    • Tissue specificity

    • Strong expression in the testis, liver, gall bladder, kidney, esophagus and crop. Also expressed in the glandular stomach, ovary and male and female reproductive tracts. Low expression in the intestinal tract. Expressed in the ovarian stroma, but not in the ovarian follicles. PTM

Literature Information

  • ·Literature 1

    • Title

    • Bioinformatic discovery and initial characterisation of nine novel antimicrobial peptide genes in the chicken.

    • Reference

    • Immunogenetics. 2004 Jun;56(3):170-177.

    • Author

    • nn DJ, Higgs R, Gaines S, Tierney J, James T, Lloyd AT, Fares MA, Mulcahy G, O'Farrelly C.
  • ·Literature 2

    • Title

    • A genome-wide screen identifies a single beta-defensin gene cluster in the chicken: implications for the origin and evolution of mammalian defensins.

    • Reference

    • BMC Genomics. 2004 Aug 13;5(1):56.

    • Author

    • Xiao Y, Hughes AL, Ando J, Matsuda Y, Cheng JF, Skinner-Noble D, Zhang G.
  • ·Literature 3

    • Title

    • Changes in the expression of gallinacins, antimicrobial peptides, in ovarian follicles during follicular growth and in response to lipopolysaccharide in laying hens (Gallus domesticus).

    • Reference

    • Reproduction. 2007 Jan;133(1):127-133.

    • Author

    • Subedi K, Isobe N, Nishibori M, Yoshimura Y.
  • ·Literature 4

    • Title

    • The beta-defensin gallinacin-6 is expressed in the

    • Reference

    • Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Mar;51(3):912-922.

    • Author

    • van Dijk A, Veldhuizen EJ, Kalkhove SI, Tjeerdsma-van Bokhoven JL, Romijn RA, Haagsman HP.