General Information

    • DRAMP ID

    • DRAMP03724

    • Peptide Name

    • Pandinin-2 (Pin2; Arthropods, animals)

    • Source

    • Pandinus imperator (Emperor scorpion)

    • Family

    • Belongs to the scorpion NDBP 4 family

    • Gene

    • Not found

    • Sequence

    • FWGALAKGALKLIPSLFSSFSKKD

    • Sequence Length

    • 24

    • Protein Existence

    • Protein level

Activity Information

    • Biological Activity

    • Antimicrobial, Antibacterial, Anti-Gram+, Anti-Gram-, Hemolytic

    • Target Organism

      • [Ref.11563967]Gram-negative bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC=38.2 µM), Escherichia coli (MIC=19.1 µM);#Gram-positive bacteria: Enterococcus faecalis (MIC=2.4 µM), Bacillus subtilis (MIC=4.8 µM), Staphylococcus epidermidis (MIC=4.8 µM), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC=2.4 µM);
      • Yeast: Candida albicans (MIC=19.1 µM).

    • Hemolytic Activity

      • [Ref.11563967]Strong hemolytic activity (11.1-44.5 microM) against sheep erythrocytes

    • Cytotoxicity

      • Not included yet

    • Binding Target

    • Cell membrane

Structure Information

    • Linear/Cyclic

    • Linear

    • N-terminal Modification

    • Free

    • C-terminal Modification

    • Free

    • Nonterminal Modifications and Unusual Amino Acids

    • Free

    • Stereochemistry

    • L

    • Structure

    • Alpha helix

    • Structure Description

    • Not found

    • Helical Wheel Diagram

    • DRAMP03724 helical wheel diagram

    • PDB ID

    • None

    • Predicted Structure

    • There is no predicted structure for DRAMP03724.

Physicochemical Information

    • Formula

    • C126H195N29O31

    • Absent Amino Acids

    • CEHMNQRTVY

    • Common Amino Acids

    • KLS

    • Mass

    • 2612.11

    • PI

    • 10

    • Basic Residues

    • 4

    • Acidic Residues

    • 1

    • Hydrophobic Residues

    • 12

    • Net Charge

    • +3

    • Boman Index

    • -1.34

    • Hydrophobicity

    • 0.329

    • Aliphatic Index

    • 93.75

    • Half Life

      • Mammalian:1.1 hour
      • Yeast:3 min
      • E.coli:2 min

    • Extinction Coefficient Cystines

    • 5500

    • Absorbance 280nm

    • 239.13

    • Polar Residues

    • 6

DRAMP03724

DRAMP03724 chydropathy plot

Comments Information

    • Function

    • Disrupts cell membranes through formation of pores. Has strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and less active against Gram-negative bacteria. Possesses antifungal activity against C. albicans and hemolytic activity against sheep and pig erythrocytes.

    • Tissue specificity

    • Expressed by the venom gland.

Literature Information

  • ·Literature 1

    • Title

    • Characterization of unique amphipathic antimicrobial peptides from venom of the scorpion Pandinus imperator.

    • Reference

    • Biochem J. 2001 Oct 1;359(Pt 1):35-45.

    • Author

    • Corzo G, Escoubas P, Villegas E, Barnham KJ, He W, Norton RS, Nakajima T.
  • ·Literature 2

    • Title

    • Pore formation of phospholipid membranes by the action of two hemolytic arachnid peptides of different size.

    • Reference

    • Biochim Biophys Acta. 2004 Aug 30;1664(2):182-188.

    • Author

    • Belokoneva OS, Satake H, Mal'tseva EL, Pal'mina NP, Villegas E, Nakajima T, Corzo G.
  • ·Literature 3

    • Title

    • Orientation and pore-forming mechanism of a scorpion pore-forming peptide bound to magnetically oriented lipid bilayers.

    • Reference

    • Biophys J. 2004 Oct;87(4):2497-507.

    • Author

    • Nomura K, Corzo G, Nakajima T, Iwashita T.