General Information

    • DRAMP ID

    • DRAMP03744

    • Peptide Name

    • Beta-toxin BmKAS (BmK AS, BmK-AS; BmK-PL; Arthropods, animals)

    • Source

    • Mesobuthus martensii (Manchurian scorpion) (Buthus martensii)

    • Family

    • Not found

    • Gene

    • Not found

    • Sequence

    • DNGYLLDKYTGCKVWCVINNESCNSECKIRGGYYGYCYFWKLACFCQGARKSELWNYNTNKCNGKL

    • Sequence Length

    • 66

    • Protein Existence

    • Protein level

Activity Information

    • Biological Activity

    • Unknown

    • Target Organism

    • No MICs found in DRAMP database

    • Hemolytic Activity

      • No hemolysis information or data found in the reference(s) presented in this entry

    • Cytotoxicity

      • Not included yet

    • Binding Target

    • Not found

Structure Information

    • Linear/Cyclic

    • Not included yet

    • N-terminal Modification

    • Not included yet

    • C-terminal Modification

    • Not included yet

    • Nonterminal Modifications and Unusual Amino Acids

    • Not included yet

    • Stereochemistry

    • Not included yet

    • Structure

    • Not found

    • Structure Description

    • Not found

    • Helical Wheel Diagram

    • DRAMP03744 helical wheel diagram

    • PDB ID

    • None

    • Predicted Structure

    • There is no predicted structure for DRAMP03744.

Physicochemical Information

    • Formula

    • C341H503N91O98S8

    • Absent Amino Acids

    • HMP

    • Common Amino Acids

    • CNGKY

    • Mass

    • 7701.78

    • PI

    • 8.65

    • Basic Residues

    • 9

    • Acidic Residues

    • 5

    • Hydrophobic Residues

    • 16

    • Net Charge

    • +4

    • Boman Index

    • -105.63

    • Hydrophobicity

    • -0.577

    • Aliphatic Index

    • 53.18

    • Half Life

      • Mammalian:1.1 hour
      • Yeast:3 min
      • E.coli:>10 hour

    • Extinction Coefficient Cystines

    • 27430

    • Absorbance 280nm

    • 422

    • Polar Residues

    • 35

DRAMP03744

DRAMP03744 chydropathy plot

Comments Information

    • Function

    • Beta toxins bind voltage-independently at site-4 of sodium channels and shift the voltage of activation toward more negative potentials thereby affecting sodium channel activation and promoting spontaneous and repetitive firing. It binds to distinct receptor sites of mammal and insect voltage-gated sodium channels. It displays antinociceptive effect in rat models, which is due to its specific modulation of sodium channels of sensory neurons. It also significantly stimulates the binding of [3H]-ryanodine to ryanodine receptors on the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the skeletal muscle through an indirect mechanism. And it promotes noradrenaline release from the rat hippocampus slice. Tissue specificity

Literature Information

  • ·Literature 1

    • Title

    • A new scorpion toxin (BmK-PL) stimulates Ca2+-release channel activity of the skeletal-muscle ryanodine receptor by an indirect mechanism.

    • Reference

    • Biochem J. 1999 Apr 15;339 (Pt 2):343-350.

    • Author

    • Kuniyasu A, Kawano S, Hirayama Y, Ji YH, Xu K, Ohkura M, Furukawa K, Ohizumi Y, Hiraoka M, Nakayama H.
  • ·Literature 2

    • Title

    • Antihyperalgesia effect of BmK AS, a scorpion toxin, in rat by intraplantar injection.

    • Reference

    • Brain Res. 2002 Oct 18;952(2):322-326.

    • Author

    • Chen B, Ji Y.