General Information

    • DRAMP ID

    • DRAMP18125

    • Peptide Name

    • Mu-agatoxin-Aa1d (Mu-AGTX-Aa1d; Mu-agatoxin IV; Mu-agatoxin-4)

    • Source

    • Agelenopsis aperta (North American funnel-web spider) (Agelenopsisgertschi)

    • Family

    • Belongs to the beta/delta-agatoxin family

    • Gene

    • Not found

    • Sequence

    • ACVGENQQCADWAGPHCCDGYYCTCRYFPKCICRNNN

    • Sequence Length

    • 37

    • Protein Existence

    • Protein level

Activity Information

    • Biological Activity

    • Insecticidal

    • Target Organism

    • M. sexta (LD50=40±9 μg/g)

    • Hemolytic Activity

      • No hemolysis information or data found in the reference(s) presented in this entry

    • Cytotoxicity

      • Not included yet

    • Binding Target

    • Not found

Structure Information

    • Linear/Cyclic

    • Not included yet

    • N-terminal Modification

    • Not included yet

    • C-terminal Modification

    • Not included yet

    • Nonterminal Modifications and Unusual Amino Acids

    • Not included yet

    • Stereochemistry

    • Not included yet

    • Structure

    • Not found

    • Structure Description

    • Not found

    • Helical Wheel Diagram

    • DRAMP18125 helical wheel diagram

    • PDB ID

    • None

    • Predicted Structure

    • There is no predicted structure for DRAMP18125.

Physicochemical Information

    • Formula

    • C174H253N53O54S8

    • Absent Amino Acids

    • LMS

    • Common Amino Acids

    • C

    • Mass

    • 4207.73

    • PI

    • 6.72

    • Basic Residues

    • 4

    • Acidic Residues

    • 3

    • Hydrophobic Residues

    • 7

    • Net Charge

    • +1

    • Boman Index

    • -7217

    • Hydrophobicity

    • -0.557

    • Aliphatic Index

    • 26.49

    • Half Life

      • Mammalian:4.4 hour
      • Yeast:>20 hour
      • E.coli:>10 hour

    • Extinction Coefficient Cystines

    • 10470

    • Absorbance 280nm

    • 290.83

    • Polar Residues

    • 19

DRAMP18125

DRAMP18125 chydropathy plot

Comments Information

    • Function

    • Insecticidal neurotoxin that induces an irreversible spastic paralysis when injected into insectS. Modifies presynaptic voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav), causing them to open at the normal resting potential of the nerve. This leads to spontaneous release of neurotransmitter and repetitive action potentials in motor neuronS.

Literature Information

  • ·Literature 1

    • Title

    • Purification and characterization of two classes of neurotoxins fromthe funnel web spider, Agelenopsis aperta.

    • Reference

    • J. Biol. CheM. 264:2150-2155 (1989).

    • Author

    • Skinner W.S. , Adams M. E., Quistad G.B., Kataoka H., Cesarin B.J., Enderlin F.E., Schooley D.A.
  • ·Literature 2

    • Title

    • Agatoxins: ion channel specific toxins from the American funnel webspider, Agelenopsis aperta.

    • Reference

    • Toxicon 43:509-525 (2004).

    • Author

    • Adams M. E.
  • ·Literature 3

    • Title

    • Three-dimensional structure analysis of mu-agatoxins: furtherevidence for common motifs among neurotoxins with diverse ion channelspecificitieS.

    • Reference

    • Biochemistry 35:2836-2844 (1996).

    • Author

    • Omecinsky D.O., Holub K.E., Adams M. E., Reily M. D.