General Information

    • DRAMP ID

    • DRAMP02999

    • Peptide Name

    • Jellein-1 (Jelleine-I; chain of Major royal jelly protein 1; Insects, animals)

    • Source

    • Apis mellifera (Honeybee)

    • Family

    • Belongs to the major royal jelly protein family

    • Gene

    • MRJP1

    • Sequence

    • PFKISIHL

    • Sequence Length

    • 8

    • Protein Existence

    • Protein level

Activity Information

    • Biological Activity

    • Antimicrobial, Antibacterial, Anti-Gram+, Anti-Gram-, Antifungal

    • Target Organism

      • Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6535 (MIC=10 µg/ml), S. saprophyticus (MIC=15 µg/ml), Bacillus subtilis CCT 2471 (MIC=10 µg/ml).
      • Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli CCT 1371 (MIC=2.5 µg/ml), Enterobacter cloacae ACCT 23355 (MIC=10 µg/ml), Klebsiella pneumoniae ACCT 13883 (MIC=10 µg/ml), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ACCT 27853 (MIC=10 µg/ml).
      • Yeast: Candida albicans (MIC=2.5 µg/ml).

    • Hemolytic Activity

      • No hemolysis information or data found in the reference(s) presented in this entry

    • Cytotoxicity

      • Not included yet

    • Binding Target

    • Not found

Structure Information

    • Linear/Cyclic

    • Not included yet

    • N-terminal Modification

    • Not included yet

    • C-terminal Modification

    • Not included yet

    • Nonterminal Modifications and Unusual Amino Acids

    • Not included yet

    • Stereochemistry

    • Not included yet

    • Structure

    • Not found

    • Structure Description

    • Not found

    • Helical Wheel Diagram

    • DRAMP02999 helical wheel diagram

    • PDB ID

    • None

    • Predicted Structure

    • There is no predicted structure for DRAMP02999.

Physicochemical Information

    • Formula

    • C47H75N11O10

    • Absent Amino Acids

    • ACDEGMNQRTVWY

    • Common Amino Acids

    • I

    • Mass

    • 954.18

    • PI

    • 9.18

    • Basic Residues

    • 2

    • Acidic Residues

    • 0

    • Hydrophobic Residues

    • 4

    • Net Charge

    • +2

    • Boman Index

    • 4.13

    • Hydrophobicity

    • 0.763

    • Aliphatic Index

    • 146.25

    • Half Life

      • Mammalian:>20 hour
      • Yeast:>20 hour
      • E.coli:?

    • Extinction Coefficient Cystines

    • 0

    • Absorbance 280nm

    • 0

    • Polar Residues

    • 1

DRAMP02999

Comments Information

    • Function

    • Jellein-1 has antibacterial and antifungal activity.

    • Tissue specificity

    • Found in the hypopharyngeal glands of the worker honeybee.

    • Developmental stage

    • Produced in the cephalic glands of both the nurse bee and the forager bee. This bee milk protein changes to alpha-glucosidase in accordance with the age-dependent role change of the worker bee.

    • Miscellaneous

    • Exhibits a growth factor-like action on primary-cultured rat hepatocytes by stimulating DNA synthesis and protecting cells from apoptosis induced by serum deprivation. Also activates mitogen-activated protein kinase, as well as protein kinase B, a key regulator of cell survival. Degraded proportionally to the period of storage, and is completely lost during storage at 40 degrees Celsius for 30 days. PTM

Literature Information

  • ·Literature 1

    • Title

    • Jelleines: a family of antimicrobial peptides from the Royal Jelly of honeybees (Apis mellifera).

    • Reference

    • Peptides. 2004 Jun;25(6):919-928.

    • Author

    • Fontana R, Mendes MA, de Souza BM, Konno K, César LM, Malaspina O, Palma MS.
  • ·Literature 2

    • Title

    • Change in the mode of gene expression of the hypopharyngeal gland cells with an age-dependent role change of the worker honeybee Apis mellifera L.

    • Reference

    • Eur J Biochem. 1997 Nov 1;249(3):797-802.

    • Author

    • Ohashi K, Natori S, Kubo T.
  • ·Literature 3

    • Title

    • Royalactin induces queen differentiation in honeybees.

    • Reference

    • Nature. 2011 May 26;473(7348):478-483.

    • Author

    • Kamakura M.